The Earth from the Air: Yann Arthus-Bertrand

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The Earth from the Air: Yann Arthus-Bertrand

The Earth from the Air: Yann Arthus-Bertrand

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This is because the distance that particles can move without colliding with one another is large compared with the size of motions that cause mixing. Oceans are overfished, rainforests destroyed, but Nature can play as malevolent a role, through hurricanes, or volcanoes, which feature prominently both as beautiful perils or as forces of geological shape. mi; 39,000 ft) above Earth's surface to the stratopause at an altitude of about 50 to 55 km (31 to 34 mi; 164,000 to 180,000 ft). In London they were on display outside the Natural History Museum; and were subsequently exhibited outside City Hall for most of 2005, together with a giant world map on the ground showing where each photograph was taken.

The mesosphere is the third highest layer of Earth's atmosphere, occupying the region above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere.The atmosphere of Earth creates pressure, absorbs most meteoroids and ultraviolet solar radiation, warms the surface through heat retention ( greenhouse effect), and reduces temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation), maintaining conditions allowing life and liquid water to exist on the Earth's surface. However, the temperature has a more complicated profile with altitude, and may remain relatively constant or even increase with altitude in some regions (see the temperature section, below).

This layer is mainly composed of extremely low densities of hydrogen, helium and several heavier molecules including nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide closer to the exobase. The early basic carbon isotopy ( isotope ratio proportions) strongly suggests conditions similar to the current, and that the fundamental features of the carbon cycle became established as early as 4 billion years ago. a b Two recent reliable sources cited here have total atmospheric compositions, including trace molecules, that exceed 100%. Following the peak in vegetation, the drawdown of atmospheric CO 2 due to photosynthesis is apparent, particularly over the boreal forests. The Earth has changed… A new edition of this classic book, with nearly 100 new photographs by Yann Arthus-Bertrand and seven new essays by such renowned authors as Jane Goodall, Matthieu Ricard and Oliver Blond.Physical properties Comparison of the 1962 US Standard Atmosphere graph of geometric altitude against air density, pressure, the speed of sound and temperature with approximate altitudes of various objects. In May 2017, glints of light, seen as twinkling from an orbiting satellite a million miles away, were found to be reflected light from ice crystals in the atmosphere. An international bestseller when it was first published, The Earth from the Air is a visual record of the world's diversity. Stratospheric ozone depletion is caused by air pollution, chiefly from chlorofluorocarbons and other ozone-depleting substances.

Although the temperature may be −60 °C (−76 °F; 210 K) at the tropopause, the top of the stratosphere is much warmer, and may be near 0 °C. The depth of the planetary boundary layer ranges from as little as about 100 metres (330 ft) on clear, calm nights to 3,000 m (9,800 ft) or more during the afternoon in dry regions. Images stick in the mind: mangrove clearings in New Caledonia in the shape of a heart; stilt houses on the Orinoco Delta in Venezuela--literally Little Venice; an abandoned town near Chernobyl. Often taken from a low altitude, they reveal the imprint of human civilization on the face of the globe.The remaining gases are often referred to as trace gases, [12] among which are other greenhouse gases, principally carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. The following time span from 539 million years ago to the present day is the Phanerozoic Eon, during the earliest period of which, the Cambrian, oxygen-requiring metazoan life forms began to appear.

Indeed, perhaps the most beautiful photographs reveal tortured, sinewy geological formation, showing how much our world is formed by the fragile strength of its own internal forces and resources as much as humankind deforms it. The various layers of Earth's ionosphere, important to HF radio propagation, begin below 100 km and extend beyond 500 km. This rise in temperature is caused by the absorption of ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the Sun by the ozone layer, which restricts turbulence and mixing. A classic of its kind, this book will heighten everyone's awareness of today's urgent ecological issues. Atmospheric pressure is the total weight of the air above unit area at the point where the pressure is measured.

New editorials by such renowned authors as Jane Goodall, Matthieu Ricard and Olivier Blond consider such perpetual issues as agriculture, climate and biodiversity, as well as the latest concerns - refugees, new technologies and environmental movements. Our current partner charities in the UK are READ International, the National Literacy Trust, Room to Read. Still another region of increasing temperature with altitude occurs at very high altitudes, in the aptly-named thermosphere above 90 km. The images are taken from the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) and show Earth as it rotates during a day. The surface-based homosphere includes the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and the lowest part of the thermosphere, where the chemical composition of the atmosphere does not depend on molecular weight because the gases are mixed by turbulence.



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